A Novel Approach to Uniformly Distribute the Load in Wireless Sensor Routing Protocol LEACH

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a main location. Energy efficiency is the important key for WSN. To lower the energy consumption, the network is divided into several clusters in cluster routing algorithm LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy). Even though clustering provides energy efficiency, but uneven load distribution still occurs in general. In this paper an approach is presented which divides the deployment region into sub-regions and thereby uniformly distributing the load among the sensor nodes. Different shapes are considered for dividing the deployment region into equal sub-regions. Keywords—wireless sensor network, energy efficiency, LEACH, load distribution